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CSP level, which results in significant              domain is applied to predict customer
        overheads. Moreover, within the same                 churn in the banking domain.

        CSP, subscribers’ behavior may change                So the question to address here is can we
        over time. For instance, subscribers’                formulate a generic framework, which
        behavior in pre-WhatsApp and post-                   would be agnostic to the data set or

        WhatsApp periods are significantly                   domain, automatically recommend an
        different. This could potentially lead to            optimal model with respect to a given
        invalidating the old model and building              task, without or minimal involvement

        a new model from scratch to account                  of human Machine Learning experts,
        for the new behavior. The new model                  thereby overcoming challenges

        will in turn require manual monitoring               mentioned above?’. In this context, we
        of its performance on a day-to-day                   will discuss one of the most promising
        basis, identification of abnormalities               research areas namely, Automatic

        in the model’s performance and                       Machine Learning (AutoML), which can
        perform the steps from scratch. These                bring in enormous capability to the data





                                                 Data preprocessing layer


                          One hot           Missing value                              Outer
                          encoding           imputa ons         Normaliza on          detec on


                                                Feature preprocessing layer


                                     Feature        Feature extrac on        Hybrid
                                    selec on            (e.g. PCA)          technique



                                                  Model selec on layer


                                             Algorithm         Hyper parameter
                                              selec on          op miza on



                                                      Output layer


                                                      Visualiza on
                                                       dashboard






                                                       Fig - 3-4-1                               Source: Flytxt

        processes consume a lot of the precious              science and Machine Learning arena in

        human time. This becomes even more                   the years to come.
        challenging if the same churn model,                 An AutoML framework seeks to

        developed for telecommunication                      automate the process of designing



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